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Water Garden Construction
Water Garden Materials
Water garden construction can be done yourself or by landscape contractors. Prefabricated water gardens are available in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. Many are made of rigid fiberglass and are very durable. Less expensive and less durable water gardens constructed of bonded resin and semi-rigid or ABS plastic are also available.Flexible PVC sheeting materials, 20-mil single-ply, 32-mil double-ply, or 30-mil double-ply are good choices for lined water gardens. The main drawback of PVC is that it deteriorates when constantly exposed to sunlight. However, well-filled water gardens should last a minimum of ten years.
Water garden depths vary with size. A water garden should not be less than 15 inches deep and a minimum of eighteen inches is preferred. A water garden with 40- square feet of surface area should be 18 to 24 inches deep. Water gardens with between 100 and 200 square feet of surface area should be at least 24 inches deep.
Filling the Water Garden
Water gardens can be filled with tap water from the garden hose. Chemical treatment of the water can harm plants and fish. Ordinary chlorine won't harm plants, however, chlorine compounds may. Check with your local water authority to find out the chlorine form used. If ordinary chlorine was used, allow the water to stand for 24 to 48 hours before introducing fish. Chlorine evaporates readily. If chloramines or chlorine dioxide are used for water treatment, materials can be purchased from fish and water gardening suppliers to counteract these chemicals.Water Garden Plants
When selecting plants for your water garden, consider the mix of plants. No more than 70 percent of the water surface should be covered with leaves of aquatic plants. Select miniature varieties to allow for greater plant selection.Flowers for water gardens include water lilies and lotus. Bog plants such as arrowhead, cattail, horsetail, iris, marsh marigold, sweet flag, and several others can be used. Submerged plants, also called oxygenating plants, have their foliage under the water's surface.
Floating plants have their root systems hanging into the water with their leaves and blossoms on the surface. Shellflower, water hyacinth, and water poppy are suggested plants. Many water plants are winter hardy, but others will need to be removed from the water garden before winter to ensure their survival.
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